| Abstract |
This paper examines the types of evaluation schema in the oral narratives of personal experience of the Sendong survivors in the barangays of Sta. Filomena, Hinaplanon, and Santiago of Iligan City. Forty informants were asked to narrate orally their Sendong experiences and transcripts of the audio-recorded interviews were made. Using Labov and Waletzky芒聙聶s six narrative schema model as the main framework of the study, the narrative clauses were coded, highlighting the evaluation schemas of these narratives. Results show that just like Labov and Tannen芒聙聶s model, the evaluations in the Sendong narratives can be categorized as external evaluation and embedded/internal evaluation, i.e., classification based on structure. Additionally, the study has found out that these evaluation schemas can also be classified based on viewpoint, i.e., on who is giving the assessment. Under this type of classification are individual evaluation, collective evaluation (which could be inclusive or exclusive), outsider芒聙聶s evaluation, and the 芒聙聹you芒聙聺 evaluation. These findings reveal that the informants, when asked about their own experiences, usually would consider, if not include, other people in their narration that it is reflected even when they make assessments of the situations they were/are into. This is illustrated by the presence of collective evaluation, outsider芒聙聶s evaluation, and the 芒聙聹you芒聙聺 evaluation. These types of evaluations reflect Hofstede芒聙聶s collectivistic and Hall芒聙聶s high-context culture of the Filipinos. Because of the very close-knit families and communities, we do not just focus on the 芒聙聹I芒聙聺 but also even on the 芒聙聹we芒聙聺 concept, the other people belonging to our in-group. And this is depicted in the types of evaluative comments of the Sendong survivors. Finally, this study concludes that Labov and Waletzky芒聙聶s narrative model is not universal because it cannot capture the culture-specific feature of the evaluation schema found in the Sendong narratives. |
Mindanao State
University - Iligan Institute of Technology