| Abstract |
Previous studies have shown that 5脙垄脗聙脗聬aminolevulinic acid (5脙垄脗聙脗聬ALA ), a precursor of haem, can enhance haem synthesis and the activity of haemoproteins. Here, we investigated the effects of dietary 5脙垄脗聙脗聬ALA on Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone). Dietary groups included basal diet (BD, control) and BD plus 15, 30 and 60 ppm 5脙垄脗聙脗聬ALA (ALA 15, ALA 30 and ALA 60 respectively). Hepatopancreas adenosine triphosphate (ATP ) levels increased with increasing 5脙垄脗聙脗聬ALA concentration (ALA 60 p < 0.05) after 2 weeks of feeding. 5脙垄脗聙脗聬aminolevulinic acid diets significantly increased the expression of ecdysis脙垄脗聙脗聬related genes: nuclear receptor E75 and chitinase 4 (ALA 15, ALA 30, ALA 60), cytochrome P450 Shade (ALA 60), chitinase 1 (ALA 60) and chitinase 3 (ALA 15, ALA 60). Catalase (CAT ) and prophenoloxidase gene expression levels were also significantly higher in ALA 60 after 12 weeks of feeding. Six hours after L. vannamei were exposed to Vibrio parahaemolyticus , total haemocyte count (ALA 60) and gene expression levels of CAT (ALA 30, ALA 60) were significantly higher in 5脙垄脗聙脗聬ALA groups compared to the control. 5脙垄脗聙脗聬aminolevulinic acid diets also increased survival of L. vannamei following V. parahaemolyticus immersion challenge. These results suggest that supplementing L. vannamei diets with 5脙垄脗聙脗聬ALA can enhance ATP production, immune response against V. parahaemolyticus , total haemocyte count and expression of some immune脙垄脗聙脗聬related genes. 5脙垄脗聙脗聬aminolevulinic acid can also induce ecdysis脙垄脗聙脗聬related gene expressions, without adversely affecting growth. |
Mindanao State
University - Iligan Institute of Technology